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Wholesale Gift Wrapping
Paper Supply in Istanbul - Turkey
We are
professional at wholesale gift wrapping paper supply ,
so that trust us , we will not let you down.
For the prices of wholesale gift wrapping paper supply, please do not
hesitate to contact us .
For gift wrapping paper supply , feel free contact us,
because we are one of the leading suppliers in Turkey.
You could find the lest wholesale gift wrapping paper supply prices from
us.
 
Metalized Gift Wrap
opp film thickness : 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 micron metalized opp film
Sheet sizes: 50x70cm,70x100cm
Standard Roll sizes:30, 35, 40 micron metalized opp film
40x200cm, 50x210 cm, 70x150cm ( could be manufactured in different
sizes)
Please do not hesitate to
contact
us for wholesale prices.
Address:
Davutpaşa Cad.Emintaş Davutpaşa Sitesi
No103/270 Topkapı/ISTANBUL/TURKEY
Tel:
(0212) 567 47 80 - 567 47 81 - 567 47 82 - 567 47 83
Fax:
(0212) 544 78 83
info@gift-wrap-manufacturer.com
Paper, thin sheets of compressed vegetable
cellulose fibers. Paper is used for writing and printing, for wrapping
and packaging, and for a variety of special purposes ranging from the
filtration of precipitates from solutions to the manufacture of certain
types of building materials. In 20th-century civilization, paper is a
basic material, and the development of machinery for its high-speed
production has been largely responsible for the increase in literacy and
the raising of educational levels of people throughout the world.
HAND PAPERMAKING The basic process of making paper has not changed in
more than 2,000 years. It involves two stages: the breaking up of raw
material in water to form a suspension of individual fibers and the
formation of felted sheets by spreading this suspension on a suitable
porous surface, through which excess water can drain.
In making paper by hand, the raw material-straw, leaves, bark, rags, or
other fibrous material-is placed in a vat or trough and is pounded with
a heavy pestle or hammer to separate the fibers. During the first
portion of this operation, the material is washed with running water to
remove impurities, but after the fibers have been sufficiently broken
up, they are kept in suspension, and the water in the vat is not
changed. At this stage the liquid material, called half stuff, is ready
for the actual process of papermaking. The chief tool of the papermaker
is the mold, a reinforced sheet of metal mesh having either a square
mesh pattern, called a wove pattern, or a pattern of more widely spaced
longitudinal wires held together with smaller transverse wires, called a
laid pattern. The mold pattern imprints itself on the finished sheet of
paper, and thus handmade papers that are not given special finishes are
identified as wove or laid papers, depending on the style of mold that
is used in their making.
If you want to buy wholesale gift wrapping paper, please
contact us.
The mold is placed inside a removable wooden frame called a deckle,
which forms a low rim around its edge. The papermaker dips the mold and
deckle into a vat containing the half stuff; when the mold and deckle
are removed from the vat, the surface of the mold is coated with a thin
film of fiber-water mixture. The device is then shaken forward and
backward and from side to side. This shaking has two effects; it
distributes the mixture evenly on the surface of the mold and causes the
individual fibers to interlock with those adjacent, giving strength to
the sheet. While the device is being shaken, much of the water from the
mixture drains out through the mold mesh. The device, with its formed
sheet of wet paper, is then laid aside until the paper is sufficiently
cohesive to permit the removal of the deckle.
After the deckle has been taken from the mold, the mold is turned over
and the sheet of paper is laid smoothly on a sheet of woven woolen
cloth, called a felt. Another felt is laid over the sheet of paper, and
the process is repeated; the process of placing the paper between two
felts is known as couching. When a number of sheets of paper have been
interleaved with felts, the entire pile, called a post, is placed in a
hydraulic press and subjected to a pressure of 100 or more tons,
expelling most of the water remaining in the paper. The sheets of paper
are then separated from the felts, stacked, and pressed. The process of
pressing the stack of paper is repeated several times, and each time the
stack is built up in a different order with the individual sheets in
different positions relative to one another. This procedure is called
exchanging, and its repetition improves the surface of the finished
paper. The final stage in papermaking is drying. The paper is hung, in
groups of four or five sheets, over ropes in a special drying room until
its moisture has almost completely evaporated.
Papers that are to be used for writing or printing with ink require
additional treatment following drying, because without such treatment
the paper would absorb ink and yield fuzzy lines or impressions. The
treatment consists of sizing the paper by dipping it into a solution of
animal glue, drying the sized paper, and finally finishing the paper by
pressing the sheets between sheets of metal or smooth cardboard. The
amount of pressing determines the texture of the surface of the paper.
Rough-textured papers are pressed lightly for a comparatively short
period of time, and smooth-surfaced papers are pressed heavily for
comparatively long periods.
MACHINE PAPERMAKING Although the essential procedures of papermaking by
machine are identical with those of hand papermaking, machine
papermaking is considerably more complex. The first step in machine
papermaking is the preparation of the raw material. The materials
chiefly used in modern papermaking are cotton or linen rags and wood
pulp. Today more than 95 percent of paper is made from wood cellulose.
For the cheapest grades of paper, such as newsprint, groundwood
(mechanically processed) pulp alone is used; for better grades, chemical
wood (pulp in which undesirable materials are chemically removed), pulp,
or a mixture of pulp and rag fiber is employed; and for the finest
papers, such as the highest grades of writing papers, rag fiber alone is
used.
Rags used in papermaking are first cleaned mechanically to remove dust
and foreign matter. Following this cleaning, the rags are cooked in a
large rotary boiler. This process involves boiling the rags with lime
under steam pressure for a period of several hours. The lime combines
with greases and other impurities in the rags to form nonsoluble soaps,
which can be washed away in a later process, and at the same time
reduces any colored dyes present to colorless compounds. The rags are
then transferred to a machine called a beater, or Hollander, which is a
long tub divided longitudinally so as to form a continuous channel
around the tub. In one half of the tub, a horizontal cylinder carrying a
series of knives revolves rapidly close to a curved bedplate, which is
also provided with knives. The mixture of rags and water passes between
the cylinder and the bedplate, and the rags are reduced to fibers. In
the other half of the tub, a hollow washing cylinder covered with fine
mesh screening is arranged so that it scoops water from the tub, leaving
the rags and fibers behind. As the mixture of rags and water flows
around the beater, the dirt is removed and the rags are gradually
softened until they are finally resolved into individual fibers. The
half stuff is then passed through one or more secondary beaters to break
up the fibers still further. At this point are added coloring matter,
sizing material such as rosin or glue, and fillers such as sulfate of
lime or kaolin, which give added weight and body to the finished paper.
In many American paper mills the second beater is of the type known as a
Jordan engine. This machine consists of a stationary cone fitted with
knives mounted outside a revolving cone also equipped with knives. The
fiber material flows between these two sets of knives, and the cones can
be adjusted relative to each other with great accuracy to regulate the
fineness of the fibers.
The preparation of wood for papermaking is accomplished in two different
ways. In various chemical-solvent processes, wood chips are treated with
solvents that remove resinous material and lignin from the wood, leaving
pure fibers of cellulose. The oldest of the chemical-solvent processes,
the soda process, introduced in 1851, employs a solution of caustic soda
(sodium hydroxide) as a solvent. The wood is cooked or "digested" in
this solution under steam pressure. The fibers produced by this process
do not have great strength but are used in mixtures with other wood
fibers. The process most generally employed in the United States is the
sulfate process, which is named for the solvent used, either sodium
sulfate or magnesium sulfate.
In the groundwood process, blocks of wood are held against a rapidly
revolving grindstone that shreds off short wood fibers from the block.
The fibers produced by this process are used only in the production of
cheap newsprint and for admixture with other types of wood fiber in the
making of high-quality paper. To produce white paper from this pulp,
paper mills have historically bleached the pulp with chemicals such as
chlorine. Chlorine removes lignin, which gives paper an often undesired
brown color. However, because bleaching paper with chlorine produces a
carcinogen (cancer-causing compound) called dioxin, in 1998 the United
States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published the pulp and
paper industry Cluster Rule which will require U.S. paper companies to
eliminate chlorine from the bleaching process by 2001. Instead, the
mandate will require the companies to switch to safer compounds such as
chlorine dioxide or sodium hydroxide.
Most paper today is made on Fourdrinier machines, which are patterned
after the first successful papermaking machine, developed in 1803 by the
British brothers Henry Fourdrinier and Sealy Fourdrinier. The heart of
the Fourdrinier machine is an endless belt of wire mesh that moves
horizontally. A flow of watery pulp is spread on the level belt, which
passes over a number of rolls. A shallow wooden box beneath the belt
catches much of the water that drains off during this stage. This water
is remixed with the pulp to salvage the fiber contained in it. Spreading
of the sheet of wet pulp on the wire belt is limited by rubber deckle
straps moving at the sides of the belt. Air suction pumps beneath the
belt hasten drying of the paper, and the belt itself is moved from side
to side to aid the felting of the fibers. As the paper travels along the
belt it passes under a turning cylinder called a dandy roll. The surface
of this cylinder is covered with wire mesh or single wires to impart a
wove or laid surface to the paper. In addition, the surface carries
words or patterns worked in wire; these are impressed on the paper and
appear as watermarks that identify the grade of paper and the maker. In
handmade papers, the watermark patterns are fixed to the surface of the
mold.
Near the far end of the machine, the belt passes through two
felt-covered couching rolls. These rolls press still more water out of
the web of paper and consolidate the fiber, giving the paper enough
strength to continue through the machine without the support of the
belt. The function of these rolls is the same as that of the felts used
in couching handmade paper. From the couching rolls, the paper is
carried on a belt of cloth through two sets of smooth metal press rolls.
These rolls impart a smooth finish to the upper and lower surfaces of
the paper.
After pressing, the paper is fully formed. It is then carried through a
series of heated rolls, which complete the drying. The next step is
calendering, pressing between smooth chilled rolls to produce the smooth
finish known as machine finish. At the end of the Fourdrinier machine,
the paper is slit by revolving cutters and wound on reels. The
manufacture of the paper is completed by cutting into sheets, unless the
paper is to be used on a continuous press that employs rolls of paper.
Special papers are given additional treatment. Supercalendered paper is
subjected to a further calendering process under great pressure between
metal and paper-covered rolls. Coated paper, such as is used for fine
halftone reproduction, is sized with clay or glue and calendered. Paper
is also made on cylinder machines. Much of the tissue paper manufactured
is made on Yankee machines, which have a single steam-heated cylinder
for drying. Equipment used in pulp making and papermaking is constantly
being improved and modernized. For example, the Inverform machine, which
was invented in England in the 1940s, is a high-speed machine that
produces a range of box board used by the food packaging industry.
PAPER SIZES Paper is usually sold by the ream in sheets of standard
sizes. A ream of paper usually contains 480 sheets, but reams of drawing
paper and handmade paper contain 472 sheets. Book paper and newsprint
for flat-plate printing are sold in reams of 500 sheets and in perfect
reams of 516 sheets. The most common book-paper size is octavo (112 by
168 cm/44 by 66 in). Newsprint for rotary-press printing comes in rolls
of varying sizes; a typical roll of newsprint, as used by large
metropolitan newspapers in the United States, is 168 cm (66 in) wide and
7,925 m (26,000 ft) long, and weighs about 725 kg (1,600 lb).
SYNTHETIC-FIBER PAPER In 1955 papers were prepared from nylon, Dacron,
and Orlon fibers, and from blends of these fibers with wood pulp (see
Plastics). Such papers are produced on conventional papermaking
machinery and can be made with a wide range of appearances and
characteristics, from crisp stock resembling ordinary paper to drapable,
fabriclike materials. Because of their unique properties,
synthetic-fiber papers have many applications for which ordinary paper
is unsuitable, notably as electrical insulation, filtration material in
air-conditioning equipment, electrical tapes for sound recording, shoe
fabrics, and interlining in clothing.
HISTORY According to tradition, paper was first made in AD by Ts'ai Lun,
a eunuch attached to the Eastern Han court of the Chinese emperor Ho Ti.
The material used was probably the bark of the mulberry tree, and the
paper was made on a mold of bamboo strips see Bamboo; Mulberry;
Rice-Paper Tree. The earliest known paper still in existence was made
from rags about AD 150. For approximately 500 years the art of
papermaking was confined to China, but in 610 it was introduced into
Japan, and into Central Asia about 750. Paper made its appearance in
Egypt about 800 but was not manufactured there until 900 (see Papyrus).
The use of paper was introduced into Europe by the Moors, and the first
papermaking mill was established in Spain about 1150. In succeeding
centuries, the craft spread to most of the European countries. The
introduction of movable type about the middle of the 15th century made
book printing practical and greatly stimulated papermaking (see
Printing). The first paper mill in England was established in 1495, and
the first such mill in America in 1690.
The increasing use of paper in the 17th and 18th centuries created
shortages of rags, which were the only satisfactory raw material known
to European papermakers. As a result, many attempts were made to devise
substitutes, but none was commercially satisfactory. At the same time,
attempts were made to reduce the cost of paper by developing a machine
to supplant the hand-molding process in paper manufacture. The first
practical machine was made in 1798 by the French inventor Nicholas Louis
Robert. Robert's machine was improved by the British stationers and
brothers Henry Fourdrinier and Sealy Fourdrinier, who in 1803 produced
the first of the machines that bear their name. The solution of the
problem of making paper from cheap raw material was achieved by the
introduction of the groundwood process of pulp making about 1840 and the
first of the chemical pulp processes approximately ten years later.
For the wholesale gift wrapping paper
prices
do not hesitate to
contact us.
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